Figure 9
From: The dynamics of a Leslie type predator–prey model with fear and Allee effect
For system (2.4a)–(2.4b), black dashed lines represent trace value is zero, (a) Trace values for \(E_{2}\), which changes from negative to positive. (b) Determinant values for \(E_{2}\), which is always positive. (c) Trace values for \(E_{3}\), which changes from negative to positive. (d) Determinant values for \(E_{3}\), which is always negative. Also, confirms the results in Fig. 3