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Advances in Continuous and Discrete Models

Theory and Modern Applications

Figure 1 | Advances in Difference Equations

Figure 1

From: Modeling the spread of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in a swine population: transmission dynamics, immunity information, and optimal control strategies

Figure 1

A flow diagram for describing the transmission dynamics of PRRSV among the swine population. In the diagram, S, I, and R represent susceptible, infected, and recovered swines. PRRSV is transmitted at rate β; swines are recovered at rate γ. PRRSV may cause a reproductive failure so that only the proportion r of swines successfully reproduces. Generally, births occur at rate b and swines die at rate μ. Swines are vaccinated at births with the vaccination coverage q and vaccinated at rate u from a susceptible pool

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