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Theory and Modern Applications

Figure 12 | Advances in Difference Equations

Figure 12

From: Modelling the population dynamics of brown planthopper, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis and Lycosa pseudoannulata

Figure 12

Computer simulations of the system of Eqs. (4)–(6) with \(c_{1}=0.85~\mathrm{day}^{-1}\), \(c_{2}=0.95~\mathrm{day}^{-1}\), \(c_{3}=0.239~\mathrm{day} ^{-1}\), \(c_{4}=0.84~\mathrm{day}^{-1}\), \(c_{5}=0.5~\mathrm{day}^{-1}\), \(k_{1}=67.5\), \(k _{2}=0.02\), \(k_{3}=0.9\), \(h_{1}=0.024\), \(h_{2}=0.063\), \(e_{1}=0.0001~\mathrm{day} ^{-1}\), \(e_{2}=0.95~\mathrm{day}^{-1}\), \(e_{3}=0.56~\mathrm{day}^{-1}\), \(\gamma _{1}=0.02~\mathrm{day}^{-1}\), \(\gamma _{2}=0.085~\mathrm{day}^{-1}\), \(\epsilon =0.004\) and \(\delta =0.8\) where \(x(0)=0.52\) and \(x(0)=0.521\), \(y(0)=0.8733\) and \(z(0)=0.0987\). The solution trajectories will stay close for only a short time, before starting to follow noticeably different paths as time passes

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