Figure 3

Pattern self-organization and transition on the route to chaos with the variation of τ covering \([2.8, 4.6]\). \(t = 20\text{,}000\), the parametric conditions are the same as those in Fig. 1. The initial conditions are given by (25a)–(25b) and are exactly the same for each pattern graph. The advection direction is from up to down. These conditions are also the same for all the pattern simulations hereinafter