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Theory and Modern Applications

Table 4 Optimal singular solution for different discount rate μ

From: Bifurcation analysis of a modified Leslie–Gower model with Holling type-IV functional response and nonlinear prey harvesting

μ

\(x_{(1)}^{*}\)

\(x_{(2)}^{*}\)

\(x_{(3)}^{*}\)

\(x_{(4)}^{*}\)

\(x_{(5)}^{*}\)

\(E_{(1)}^{*}\)

\(E_{(2)}^{*}\)

\(E_{(3)}^{*}\)

\(E_{(4)}^{*}\)

\(E_{(5)}^{*}\)

0.0

94.52

0.014

−104.04

−0.338

−0.143

0.062

−783.5

0.016

1.37

4.55

0.01

73.24

0.071

−132.78

−0.306

−0.222

0.099

12.64

0.012

1.56

2.41

0.02

57.57

0.112

−167.12

Complex

Complex

0.124

3.44

0.009

Complex

Complex