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Theory and Modern Applications

Table 3 Optimal singular solution for different discount rate μ

From: Bifurcation analysis of a modified Leslie–Gower model with Holling type-IV functional response and nonlinear prey harvesting

μ

\(x_{(1)}^{*}\)

\(x_{(2)}^{*}\)

\(x_{(3)}^{*}\)

\(x_{(4)}^{*}\)

\(x_{(5)}^{*}\)

\(E_{(1)}^{*}\)

\(E_{(2)}^{*}\)

\(E_{(3)}^{*}\)

\(E_{(4)}^{*}\)

\(E_{(5)}^{*}\)

0.0

0.84

89.59

0.023

Complex

Complex

3.59

−0.417

−250.61

Complex

Complex

0.01

0.305

43.73

0.019

−0.40

−3.85

4.59

−0.14

−268.88

2.44

0.58

0.02

0.25

10.86

−0.006

−0.26

−21.05

5.86

−0.42

501.69

3.75

0.125