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Theory and Modern Applications

Table 3 Proposed method with Canny using a \(\pmb{3\times3}\) mask size

From: A new construction of a fractional derivative mask for image edge analysis based on Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative

Method

Linear image

Non-linear image

Medical image

MSE

PSNR

MSE

PSNR

MSE

PSNR

CANNY

0.2571

5.8995

0.3012

5.2111

0.3178

4.9782

PRO α = 0.1

0.2476

6.0633

0.2945

5.3086

0.2888

5.3935

PRO α = 0.2

0.2479

6.0564

0.2943

5.3118

0.2892

5.3877

PRO α = 0.3

0.2471

6.0718

0.2945

5.3087

0.2907

5.3650

PRO α = 0.4

0.2476

6.0632

0.2947

5.3059

0.2911

5.3597

PRO α = 0.5

0.2465

6.0817

0.2953

5.2973

0.2916

5.3516

PRO α = 0.6

0.2476

6.0623

0.2957

5.2915

0.2922

5.3432

PRO α = 0.7

0.2480

6.0558

0.2960

5.2864

0.2940

5.3165

PRO α = 0.8

0.2475

6.0637

0.2960

5.2874

0.2942

5.3132

PRO α = 0.9

0.2478

6.0588

0.2962

5.2845

0.2957

5.2919