Figure 1

The stability of disease-free periodic solution of model ( 3 ) with \(\pmb{\mu=0.12}\) , \(\pmb{\gamma=83}\) , \(\pmb{d=12}\) , \(\pmb{p_{r}=0.00664e^{-3}}\) , \(\pmb{p_{m}=0.00787e^{-3}}\) , \(\pmb{\eta=95}\) , \(\pmb{\Lambda=32{,}000}\) , and control parameters \(\pmb{T=0.25}\) , \(\pmb{\phi=0.5}\) : (a) susceptible ruminants \(S(t)\); (b) infectious ruminants \(I(t)\); (c) infectious mosquitoes \(V(t)\); (d) the image of \(\phi-T\) with \(\mathcal{R}_{0}=1\).