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Advances in Continuous and Discrete Models

Theory and Modern Applications

Figure 7 | Advances in Difference Equations

Figure 7

From: Exact spatiotemporal soliton solutions to the generalized three-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation in optical fiber communication

Figure 7

Density \(\pmb{|u_{4}|^{2}}\) as a function of propagation distance \(\pmb{L\equiv x+y+t}\) and z given by Eq. ( 47 ), with (a)  \(\pmb{F(\xi)=\mathrm{sn}/(1+\mathrm{dn})}\) , \(\pmb{M=0.9999}\) , (b)  \(\pmb{F(\xi)=\mathrm{cn}/(\sqrt{1-M^{2}}+\mathrm{dn})}\) , \(\pmb{M=0.9999}\) , (c)  \(\pmb{F(\xi )=\mathrm{sn}/(1+\mathrm{dn})}\) , \(\pmb{M=0.5}\) and (d)  \(\pmb{F(\xi)=\mathrm{cn}/(\sqrt{1-M^{2}}+\mathrm{dn})}\) , \(\pmb{M=0.5}\) .

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