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Theory and Modern Applications

Table 11 Global dynamics for β 1 A 1 >0 and γ 2 A 2 >0 when E 1 and E 2 are pairs of transversal lines

From: The roles of conic sections and elliptic curves in the global dynamics of a class of planar systems of rational difference equations

 

Parameter region

E 0

E 1

E 2

E 3

(a)

B 2 ( β 1 A 1 ) B 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

C 2 ( β 1 A 1 )< C 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

Repeller

Saddle

Its stable manifold:

Positive x-axis

L.A.S.

Basin of attraction:

( 0 , ) 2 and positive y-axis

(b)

B 2 ( β 1 A 1 )< B 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

C 2 ( β 1 A 1 )= C 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

Repeller

Saddle

Its stable manifold:

An increasing curve C

Basin of attraction:

Region below C

L.A.S.

Basin of attraction:

Region above C

(c)

B 2 ( β 1 A 1 ) B 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

C 2 ( β 1 A 1 )> C 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

Repeller

L.A.S.

Basin of attraction:

( 0 , ) 2 and positive x-axis

Saddle

Its stable manifold:

Positive y-axis

(d)

B 2 ( β 1 A 1 )> B 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

C 2 ( β 1 A 1 )= C 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

Repeller

L.A.S.

Basin of attraction:

Region below an increasing curve C

Saddle

Its stable manifold:

The increasing curve C

Basin of attraction:

Region above C

(e)

B 2 ( β 1 A 1 )< B 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

C 2 ( β 1 A 1 )> C 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

Repeller

Saddle

Its stable manifold:

Positive x-axis

Saddle

Its stable manifold:

Positive y-axis

L.A.S.

Basin of attraction:

( 0 , ) 2

(f)

B 2 ( β 1 A 1 )> B 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

C 2 ( β 1 A 1 )< C 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

Repeller

L.A.S.

Basin of attraction:

Region below an increasing curve C

L.A.S.

Basin of attraction:

Region above C

Saddle

Its stable manifold:

The increasing curve C

(g)

B 2 ( β 1 A 1 )= B 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

C 2 ( β 1 A 1 )= C 1 ( γ 2 A 2 )

Infinitely

Many

Equilibria